For years it was assumed that a significant insulin spike was necessary for creatine transport and assimilation into the muscle. However, a recent study found that creatine uptake in muscle is dependent on sodium, but not on insulin. This finding reinforces what FSI has always maintained: It is not necessary to combine creatine with large amounts of sugar (i.e. dextrose) for uptake into the muscle.

Instead, FSI concentrated on making creatine more bioavailable to the body to avoid undesirable side effects and improve the efficiency of ATP replenishment. With one packet of Creatine Clear you get:

• 92% bioavailability
• Vitamins B12 and C
• Sodium Necessary for uptake
• FSI's Patented Effervescent Technology
• No Carbs and No Calories

Unlike serum or liquid forms of creatine, FSI's patented technology has actual science to back up its bioavailability and stability claims.

Creatine Bioavailability - The Science

According to the recommendation of the FDA Generic Drugs Advisory Committee, the use of dissolution testing is an in vitro surrogate marker for bioavailability. A recently concluded study at a major, independent university was done comparing the in vitro dissolution profiles of Creatine edge effervescent to regular creatine monohydrate. The 2-year study revealed that 92% of Creatine edge Effervescent was available in absorbable form as compared to only 20% in the case of creatine monohydrate. In fact, even after 100 minutes, creatine monohydrate had not reached the point that FSI's technology was at after just 5 minutes.

Furthermore, regular creatine monohydrate in effervescent form was also profiled in the dissolution testing. There was no significant difference in absorbable form when comparing creatine monohydrate in water and creatine monohydrate in effervescent form. Only the patented Creatine edge Effervescent showed the large increase in absorbability within 20 minutes.

Unlike other supplement companies, FSI Nutrition will tell you where their lab analysis for stability is conducted, and show you the actual results. The following are the results from a standard laboratory analysis conducted at Alpha Chemical & Biomedical Laboratories, one of the most well-respected labs in the world. This particular analysis tested the stability of the creatine in FSI's patented Creatine edge Effervescent.

CREATINE BY-PRODUCTS
Alpha Sample	Minutes	Creatine mg/mL	Dicyandiamide mg/mL	Cyclocreatine mg/mL
2412-99	5	0.08	ND	ND
2412-99	10	0.08	ND	ND
2412-99	30	0.07	ND	ND
2412-99	60	0.06	ND	ND
ND - None Detected

Conclusion:
At a combined total of .06 mg/mL for all potential contaminants, FSI's Creatine edge Effervescent is 99.4% stabile after one hour.